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Drilling Equipment: A Complete Guide to Tools and Specialized Components Used in Drilling
The drilling industry is one of the key sectors in construction, mining, and exploration projects. From water well drilling to mining operations and geotechnical activities, drilling equipment plays a decisive role in the speed, accuracy, and success of projects. In this article, we present a comprehensive introduction to drilling equipment, including drill bits, stabilizers, drill rods, fishing taps, mud pumps, core barrels, and many more.
Drill Bits
Drill bits are among the most important components of drilling, responsible for cutting and penetrating soil and rock layers. Depending on the type of ground or rock, different bits such as PDC, button bits, or auger bits are used.
Stabilizer
The stabilizer is designed to keep the drill path straight and prevent drill rod deviation. Its spiral shape also helps reduce vibration and wear on the equipment.
Adapter Sub
This component connects two parts of different sizes in the drilling system, ensuring proper torque and power transmission.
Overshot
Overshot is a specialized recovery tool in wireline systems used to retrieve stuck or broken components from the borehole. It plays an essential role in exploratory drilling.
Drill Rods
Drill rods are strong steel rods that transfer torque and rotation from the surface to the drill bit. Metric and wireline rods are commonly available.
Left-Hand Rod
This special type of drill rod has reverse-threading and is used for fishing operations under specific drilling conditions.
Casing
Casing is a tubular structure that lines the borehole walls, preventing soil or rock collapse, particularly in deep drilling projects such as water wells or oil wells.
Fishing Tap
This tool creates threads on drilling equipment like rods, casings, or adapters, enabling secure connections.
Swivel
The swivel allows the drilling system to rotate freely without twisting or damaging mud hoses and pipes.
Wrench
Heavy-duty industrial wrenches are essential for tightening or loosening rod and casing connections—an indispensable tool on any drilling rig.
Core Barrel
Core barrels are key tools in exploration drilling, used to extract core samples from underground. They are typically used with liners and overshots in wireline systems.
Mining and Mineral Drilling
Most of the equipment described is widely used in mining drilling, where tools must withstand extreme pressure, abrasion, and heat.
Exploratory Drilling
Exploratory drilling aims to sample underground layers and identify mineral deposits. Specialized drill bits, core barrels, overshots, and wireline systems are essential in this process.
Crown
Crown is one of the well-known brands in this field.
Spindle Insert
This component helps stabilize the bit in the rotary power transmission system during drilling.
Rod Cutter
A tool designed to precisely cut drill rods during recovery or when adjusting length.
Adapter
Adapters connect different parts of the drilling system with varying sizes or threads.
Liner
The liner is the inner tube of the core barrel, protecting the core sample from damage or breakage.
Mud Pump
The mud pump is one of the most vital components in drilling. It circulates drilling mud throughout the system, removing cuttings and reducing heat.
Metric, Diemi, and Wireline Systems
Drilling measurement systems are generally divided into three main types:
Metric
Diemi
Wireline
Each has unique features suited to specific projects.
Rod Shoe
Attached to the end of a drill rod, the rod shoe facilitates connection to the bit or other tools, with high wear resistance being its key feature.
Drilling Rig
All the above equipment operates within the structure of a drilling rig, which integrates and manages all power and tools in one system.
Conclusion
A precise understanding of drilling equipment such as drill bits, rods, overshots, core barrels, casings, mud pumps, and other specialized tools is crucial for success in drilling projects. Choosing the right brand, following standards, and using high-quality tools significantly extend equipment lifespan and reduce project costs.
Purchasing Drilling Equipment from Sang Tarash Company
If you are looking to purchase high-quality, durable drilling equipment that meets international standards, Sang Tarash Company—with years of experience in supplying mining, geotechnical, and exploration drilling tools—is a reliable choice. We offer a wide range of products from reputable brands such as Geotec, Wuxi, and Crown to meet all your industrial project needs. For more information and expert consultation, contact us today.